allegory - an extended narrative that carries a second meaning to symbolically represent an abstraction., alliteration - the repetition of sounds to reinforce meaning, unify ideas, supply a musical sound, and/or echo the sense of the passage., allusion - a direct or indirect reference to something which is presumably commonly known., analogy - a figure of speech that compares two different things to show how they are alike and explain a larger point., ambiguity - the multiple meanings of a word, phrase, sentence, or passage., apostrophe - a figure of speech that directly addresses an absent or imaginary person or a personified abstraction., connotation - the non-literal, associative meaning of a word; the implied, suggested meaning., convention - a familiar characteristic of a literary genre (often unrealistic) that is understood by audiences., denotation - the strict, literal, dictionary definition of a word., detail - items or parts that make up a larger picture or story., diction - the writer's word choices, especially with regard to their correctness, clearness, or effectiveness., hyperbole - a figure of speech using deliberate exaggeration or overstatement., imagery - sensory details or figurative language used to describe, arouse emotion, or represent abstractions; visual (sight), auditory (sound), tactile (touch), gustatory (taste), and olfactory (smell)., inference/infer - to draw a reasonable conclusion from the information presented., irony/ironic - the contrast between what is stated explicitly and what is really meant., verbal irony - when the words literally state the opposite of the writer's (or speaker's) meaning., situational irony - when events turn out the opposite of what was expected; when what the characters and readers think ought to happen is not what does happen., dramatic irony - when facts or events are unknown to a character in a play or piece of fiction but known to the reader, audience, or other characters in the work., juxtaposition - an act or instance of an author intentionally placing things close together or side by side, especially for comparison or contrast., metaphor - a figure of speech using implied comparison of seemingly unlike things or the substitution of one for the other, suggesting some similarity., motif - any recurring element that has thematic or symbolic significance in a specific story., parallelism - an author's use of repeated ideas, structures, or sounds., personification - a figure of speech in which the author presents or describes concepts, animals, or inanimate objects by endowing them with human attributes or emotions., repetition - the duplication of any element of language., rhetoric - the art of effective communication. rhetorical triangle: speaker, auditor, topic , the three appeals - ethos (credibility), pathos (emotion), logos (logic)., simile - a directly expressed comparison; a figure of speech comparing two objects, usually with 'like,' 'as,' or 'than.', syntax - the way an author chooses to join words into phrases, clauses, and sentences., tone - tone describes the author's attitude toward his material, the audience, or both., zeugma - this figure of speech uses one phrase or word to link a literal and a figurative meaning together.,

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