Adaptation, A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment., Natural Selection, The process by which organisms better suited to their environment tend to survive and reproduce., Mutation, A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to a new trait in an organism., Gene Pool, The collection of all the genes in a population., Speciation, The formation of new and distinct species in the course of evolution., Variation, Differences in traits among individuals in a population., Fitness, The ability of an organism to survive, reproduce, and pass on its genes., Artificial Selection, The intentional breeding of organisms to produce desired traits., Fossil, The preserved remains or traces of organisms from the past., Common Ancestor, An ancestral species from which two or more species have evolved., Phylogeny, The evolutionary history and relationships among species., Genetic Drift, Random changes in allele frequencies in a small population., Homologous Structures, Body parts in different species that have a similar structure but may have different functions., Analogous Structures, Body parts in different species that serve similar functions but have different evolutionary origins., Convergent Evolution, The process by which unrelated species develop similar traits due to similar environmental pressures., Divergent Evolution, The process by which two related species become more different over time due to different environments., Gene Flow, The transfer of genetic material between populations of the same species., Coevolution, The process by which two species evolve in response to each other., Extinction, The complete disappearance of a species from the Earth., Evolutionary Tree, A diagram showing the evolutionary relationships among species, often called a phylogenetic tree..

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