A neutral atom has the same number of (+)____ and (-) electrons. An ion is formed when an atom gains or loses ____. In ionic bonding, a metal ____ electrons and a non-metal ____ electrons, forming ____ charged ____ that are held together by strong ____ forces. In covalent bonding, atoms ____ ____ of electrons to achieve a full outer shell. This forms a covalent bond. ____ tend to form covalent compounds or molecules. A ____ is a group of atoms joined by covalent bonds. A molecule can be of the same type of atom or element. A molecule is not always a compound because compounds always require two ____ elements. Example formulas: Ionic: Na⁺ + Cl⁻ → ____ Covalent: H + H → ____ Covalent: O + 2H → ____

Y9 2.2 - Ionic and Covalent Bonding

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