False cause - The argument incorrectly identifies (or assumes) a cause-effect relationship. Just because two things happened one after the other doesn’t mean the first caused the second., Straw man - Misrepresenting or exaggerating an opponent’s argument to make it easier to attack., Circular reasoning - An argument includes the conclusion as part of its justification., Ad hominem ("to the person") - Using an opponent’s personal characteristics (ex. background, gender) as the basis of attack, instead of responding to the argument itself., False choice - Presenting something as an either/or choice, when actually more options are available., Appeal to ignorance - Arguing that your conclusion must be true, because there is no evidence to disprove it., Bandwagon - Assuming something is true or right because other people agree with it. (This is very common in advertising.),

Logical fallacies

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