CLAIM - this is your point, the conclusion you want your audience to accept, DATA (grounds) - this is your evidence - the facts, data or information that supports your claim, WARRANT - this is the crucial link. It's the reasoning, rule, or assumption that explains WHY your DATA logically leads to your CLAIM. can be stated or implied!, BACKING - this is the deeper support for your warrant. If you warrant is a general rule, the backing is the proof that the rule itself is valid or authoritative. , QUALIFIER - these are words that show how strong your claim is, they add precision, possible REBUTTAL - this element considers the conditions or exceptions that could defeat your clam (a strong argument acknowledges its own limits),

Toulmin elements

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