Nitrogen fixation, – conversion of atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into usable forms (ammonia), Nitrification, – biological oxidation of ammonia into nitrites and nitrates, Ammonification, – decomposition of organic nitrogen into ammonia, Denitrification, – reduction of nitrates back into nitrogen gas, returning it to the atmosphere, Mineralization, – conversion of organic matter into inorganic nutrients plants can absorb, Ammonium (NH₄⁺), – positively charged nitrogen form in soil, Nitrate (NO₃⁻), – highly mobile nitrogen form, easily absorbed by plants, Nitrite (NO₂⁻), – intermediate form in nitrification, Organic nitrogen, – nitrogen bound in plant/animal residues or humus, Available nitrogen, – nitrogen accessible for plant uptake

Nitrogen Cycle

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