secure digital record book, BlockChain, No single party controls the ledger, Decentralized, cryptographic primitives, security and integrity, One-way functions producing a fixed-size digest, Hash Functions, Prove ownership and authorize transactions, Digital Signatures, A tree of hashes that lets participants verify one transaction, Merkle Trees, allows one party (Prover) to prove knowledge of a secret to another party, Zero-Knowledge Proof, both Data integrity and Data authenticity, Message Authentication Code, random or sequential number used only once., Nonce (Number Used Once), Once written, records — including smart contracts, Immutable Ledger, sign-broadcast-verify-confirm, Digital Signatures steps, two different inputs produce the same hash output, Collision, It's infeasible to find ANY two distinct, Collision Resistance, A classical, brute-force strategy exploiting probability, The Birthday Attack, Confirms the identity of the sender behind a transaction, Authentication, Detects any change made to data after it was signed, Integrity, sending conflicting messages, Byzantine, n ≥ 3f + 1, n = generals, f = traitors, The rule where computers on the network, Consensus, Blockchain project, Cryptocurrency Wallet

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