In a chemical reaction, molecules undergo a transformative journey from ____ to products, crossing a pivotal point known as the transition state. At the outset, the reactants possess a certain amount of energy, known as the ____, representing the initial state of the system. As the reaction progresses, the molecules reach the ____, where they transiently exist in an unstable configuration, requiring an input of energy known as ____ to overcome the energy barrier and proceed to the products' formation. In ____, the energy of the products is lower than that of the reactants, resulting in the release of energy to the surroundings, often in the form of heat or light. Conversely, in ____ reactions, the energy of the products is higher, necessitating an input of energy from the surroundings. Through these dynamic exchanges of energy and molecular rearrangements, chemical reactions drive the fundamental processes that shape our world

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