The route of the road, defined as a series of horizontal tangents and curves. - Alignment, Given points or main features of an alignment. - Tie-In Point, Changes in direction, or bearing of a road or alignment. - Horizontal Curve, Changes in slope along the road or alignment. - Vertical Curve, A level at which excavation ceases and construction starts. - Formation Level, A layer of ground with a high concentration of organic matter and microorganisms. - Top Soil, A series of diagrams showing a proposed roadway at right angles to the centerline. - Cross Section, The calculation of cut and and fill along an alignment. - Earthworks, Graphical plot of the cumulative volumes of cut and fill along an alignment. - Mass Diagram,

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