Some Scots were forced to emigrate in prison ships as convicts with 7600 forced to go to Australia, Many Scots were forced off their land in the Highland Clearnaces as landlords could make more money from sheep farming. , Many lost their jobs in fishing as some 5000 Scots supplemted their crofting income each year fishing but after the 1917 Russian Revolution they lost their export markets and were forced to emigrate for other jobs. , The Pototo Blight in the Highlands in 1846 causes 150,000 people to face starvation and forced many to emigrate to avoid starvation. , 30,000 Scots lost their jobs due to the decline of the Kelp industry as modern chemical took over in making toothpaste forcing many to emigrate aboard or to the central belt for employment, New machines such as the Reaper and Thresher meant less men were needed so farm workers had to leave to find work elsewhere as in 1914 it took 12 man days to tend an acre of barley compared to 22 days in 1840., Blackhouses were cramped and shared with animals so many moved to find better quality housing. , Slum housing was overcrowded with 1 in 3 families in Glasgow living in one room. , Victoria and lbert encouraged the idea of balmoralism and people set up hunting estates forcing crofters off their land, new industries forced smaller textile industries to decline like hand loom weaving in Hawick,

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