Excretion - Removal of waste products from the body., Nephron - Long tubules where the blood is filtered., Bowman's capsule - A cup-like sac surrounding the glomerulus., Countercurrent multiplier - Generation of an osmotic gradient that enables reabsorption of water from the tubular fluid along the length of the loop of Henlé to produce concentrated urine., Proximal convoluted tubule - The site of selective reabsorption of useful substances from the filtrate., Ultrafiltration - Large molecules like proteins and blood cells can't pass through and stay in the blood whereas the liquid and small molecules called the filtrate pass through., Co-transport - The process by which glucose is reabsorbed into the blood by the proximal convoluted tubule. , Podocyte processes - Finger-like extensions of specialised cells that envelope and support the capillaries inside the glomerulus., Osmoregulation - Maintenance of the water content of the blood by the kidney., Distal convoluted tubule - The final part of the nephron that leads to the collecting duct., Osmoreceptors - Detect changes in water potential of the blood located in the hypothalamus., Posterior pituitary gland - Releases antidiuretic hormone in response to low water potential in the blood., Aquaporins - Protein channels that allow water to pass through via osmosis., Dehydration - When blood water content is too low., Ascending limb - The limb of the loop of Henlé that is impermeable to water., Bladder - The final destination for urine before it leave the body., Dialysis - A procedure used to filter the blood of kidney failure patients , Semi-permeable membrane - Required for effective dialysis; can be artificial or in the patient's own cells,

Kidney Function

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