Restriction enzymes - Used to cut the desirable gene from a chromosome, Plasmid - Small circle of DNA found in bacterial cells, Recombinant DNA - DNA from two organisms that has been combined together, Ligase - Enzyme that splices the desirable gene into a vector, Vector - Structures that carry the gene from one organism into another, Culture techniques - Allow large quantities of a desired product to be produced and collected, Insulin - Human protein required for the treatment of diabetes, Fermenter - Used to provide the ideal conditions for the growth and division of microorganisms that will produce a useful product, Genetic modification - Process that involves changing the genetic material of an organism by removing, changing or inserting individual genes, Sticky ends - Complementary nucleotide sequences between a gene and the vector into which it is inserted,

IGCSE Genetic modification

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