Comments and unnecessary spaces are removed and keywords, constants and identifiers are replaced by tokens. - Lexical Analysis, A table stores the names and addresses of all variables, constants and arrays. - Symbol table construction, Tokens are checked to see if they match the syntax of the language. If not, it errors out. - Syntax analysis, Variables are checked to make sure they have been correctly declared and contain the correct data type. - Semantic analysis, Machine code is generated - Code generation, The program is being made more efficient and faster. - Optimisation, Takes all source code and translates it all into object code, making an exe file. - Compiler, Translates source code to object code one line at a time. Used by IDEs. Allows for error detection. Require less RAM. - Interpreter, Translates assembly language into object code. - Assembler, Loads executable files into memory so the CPU can run them. - Loader, PC holds address of next instruction. Instruction fetched from RAM to the CIR. PC incremented. - Fetch (Fetch-decode-execute cycle), Control Unit reads the instruction in the CIR. Decides on what action is needed. Any required data/hardware is identified. - Decode (Fetch-decode-execute cycle), Instruction is carried out. ALU may be used. Results are stored or output. FDE cycle restarts. - Execute (Fetch-decode-execute cycle),

Stages of the Compilation Process, Comp/Int/Assemb + The Fetch-Decode-Execute Cycle

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