1) Which of the following best defines electron configuration? a) The number of protons and neutrons in an atom b) The arrangement of electrons in different energy c) The total energy of an atom in its ground state d) The process of removing electrons from an atom 2) Which principle states that electrons occupy orbitals of lowest energy first? a) Hund’s Rule b) Aufbau Principle c) Pauli Exclusion Principle d) Octet Rule 3) According to Hund’s Rule, how are electrons distributed in orbitals of the same energy? a) All electrons’ pair up immediately b) Electrons skip lower orbitals and fill higher ones c) Electrons occupy orbitals singly first, with parallel spins, before pairing up d) Electrons fill orbitals randomly 4) Which rule states that no two electrons in an atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers? a) Octet Rule b) Pauli Exclusion Principle c) Hund’s Rule d) Aufbau Principle 5) Which of the following is the correct electron configuration for Calcium (Ca, atomic number 20)? a) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 4s² b) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d² c) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶ 3d¹⁰ d) 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁶

Electron Configuration

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