ICMP, "Text Messaging" between devices, GRE, Encapsulates traffic inside of IP. Ex: VPN, IPSec, Provides encryption and security for traffic in OSI Layer 3, AH, Authenticates data in IPSec, ESP, Encrypts data in IPSec, TCP, Reliabiably transfers data, connection-oriented. Used for things like establishing connection to websites., UDP, Unreliable when transferring data, connectionless. Used for things like receiving YouTube video data.

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