Gravity - The downward pull is a bigger deal with bridges than buildings. Unlike a home or a skyscraper, most of what’s under a bridge is empty space., Load - The weight of the bridge itself is combined with the weight of whatever it carries. The longer a bridge is, and the more people, cars, and other things it carries, the heavier its load., Compression - The pushing or squeezing force that creates inward movement toward the center, compression is what helps keep arched bridges standing. But with too much compression, a bridge can buckle., Torsion - This twisting force, often caused by environmental forces like wind, can cause dangerous movement in structures like suspension bridges. If the surface of a bridge twists enough while travelers are on it, they can be thrown off., Shear - While torsion creates stress on a vertical plane, shear is a force that imparts a similar effect, but on a horizontal plane. It happens when environmental forces put pressure in opposite directions on a single fastened part of a bridge., Vibration/ Resonance - When wind or movement across a bridge matches its natural frequency of vibration, it can cause a phenomenon called resonance. If vibrations are extreme enough, they can disrupt crossings and cause a collapse.,

Bridge Forces

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