ALLELE - different form of a gene, AUTOSOMAL - any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome, CHROMOSOME - long strand of tightly wound DNA made up of many genes joined together, DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID (DNA) - molecule that determines all the structures and functions in a cell, DOMINANT - allele that is always expressed when present in the genotype, GAMETE - sex cell; in humans, the sperm and egg, GENE - section of a DNA molecule that contains information for one specific characteristic, GENOME - full set of genes in a species, GENOTYPE - allele combination for a particular trait of an individual, HETEROZYGOUS - when the alleles are different in a genotype (e.g. Bb), HOMOZYGOUS - when both alleles are the same in a genotype; also known as pure breeding, PHENOTYPE - physical presentation of a characteristic (e.g. black hair), RECESSIVE - allele that is only expressed in the absence of the dominant allele, SEX CHROMOSOME - The chromosome that determines the gender of the individual as female or male, SPERM - male gametes, OVUM - female gametes, HERITABLE - any characteristic that is coded for within DNA and can be passed from parent to offspring, GENETIC ENGINEERING - process of modifying genes in some way,

Genetics

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