Mean/average - Center of the distribution, Variance - How much individual measurements spread around the mean, Standard deviation - Square root of variance. Same units as the measurement, Pleiotropy - A single gene affects multiple traits, Correlation coefficient - Measures the strength of association between two variables in the same individual. E. g. how much x variable depends on y variable., Covariance - Variance of two traits in an individual, Absolute value of the correlation coefficient - Indicates the strength of the correlation, Sign of the correlation coefficient - Indicates the direction of the correlation, Regression - Equation that indicates the quantitative relationship between two measurements in the same individual. Made of the best fit for the data., Slope of regression equation - How much an increase in x corresponds to an increase in y, You are taking the height and weight measurements of some chickens. To determine how much one trait is associated you would use... - Regression, ANOVA - Analysis of variance. Determines how different are the means of multiple populations for a given measurement (determines a p value). The equivalent for two populations and a single trait is a t-test., Heritability - Proportion of a population’s phenotype that is due to genetics and not environment, Broad-sense heritability - It's interested in how much of the variation in phenotype is due to the variation in genotype, Narrow-sense heritability - It's interested in how likely is the offspring to resemble their parents., Natural selection - Individuals with certain traits leave more offspring than others, Artificial selection - Only selected individuals are bred, causing genetic changes over time, GTF2I and GTF2IRD1 - Genes associated with hypersocial behavior in dogs. In humans, their deletion causes Williams syndrome,

Quantitative genetics

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