Axon - a long, thread-like extension that transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands., Dendrites - branched extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons and transmit them toward the cell body., Soma (cell body) - the central part that contains the nucleus and organelles, responsible for maintaining cell function and integrating incoming signals from dendrites., Nucleus - organelle within the soma that contains genetic material and regulates cellular activities, including protein synthesis and gene expression., Myelin sheath - a fatty, insulating layer that surrounds the axon of a neuron, speeding up the transmission of electrical impulses and protecting the nerve fiber., Node of Ranvier - a small gap between segments of the myelin sheath along a neuron’s axon, where ion exchange occurs to facilitate rapid signal conduction through saltatory conduction., Axon terminal button - the endpoint of a neuron's axon that releases neurotransmitters into the synapse to communicate with other neurons, muscles, or glands.,

Neuron structures.

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