normal: choroid layer reflects the light, retina contains rods and cones, pupil allows light to enter eye, lens is clear, red reflex is normal, orange reflex is normal, the baby has a fix and follow reflex by 6-8 weeks, referral  by 2 weeks for abnormality, ophthalmoscope held 30 cms from eye, proptosis is eye protrusion, this might be retinoblastoma, this is glaucoma, blue sclera may indicate  osteogenesis imperfecta, abnormal: pupil prevents light entry, the baby has a fix and follow reflex at birth, eyes do not open at term, one white reflex is fine, the lens is opaque, eyes are  formed by week 20, baby has full vision at birth, ptosis, hypertelorism is normal, hypotelerism is normal, absence of a red reflex is fine, opthalmoscope is 15 cms from eye, cataract, retinoblastoma, glaucoma, blue sclera, proptosis is a sunken eye, this is a normal reflex, this is a normal eye , retina is in the middle vault of the eye,

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