Water Cycle - The Earths continual movement of water among the Earths atmosphere, oceans, and land surface through evaporation, condensation, and percipitation., Evaporation - The process by which molecules at the surface of a liquid absorb enough energy to change to a gas., Transportation - The process by which water is lost through the plant's leaves., Condensation - The change in state from a gas to a liquid., Precipitation - Any form of water that falls from clouds and reaches Earths surface as rain, snow, sleet, or hail., Run-off - A small amount of remaining water...runs off the surface into streams and lakes., Sufrace Water - The ocean, rivers, lakes, and ponds are all forms of surface water. , Watershed - The land area that supplies water to a river system., Divide - Watersheds stay seperated from each other by a ridge of land called a divide., Groundwater - A large portion of fresh water in the hydrosphere is underground. The water fills the cracks and spaces in the soil and rock layers. , Aquifier - An underground layer of rock or sediment that holds water., Well - A hole sunk into the ground to reach a supply of water., Salinity - The total amount of dissolved salts in a sample of water., Current - A large stream of moving water that flows through the oceans., Coriolis Effect - The effect of the Earth's rotation on the direction of wind and currents., Amplitude - The distance from the baseline to the crest or trough. Half of the wave heaight., Baseline - The part of the wave halfway between the crest and through. The average or still water line when there are no changes to the water level., Trough - The lowest point of a wave., Crest - The highest point of a wave., Trough - The lowest point of a wave., Wave Height - The vertical distance from the crest of a wave level., Wavelength - The distance between two corresponding parts of a wave, such as the distance between two crests., Frequency - The number of complete waves that pass a given point in a certain amount of time., Period - The amount of time between one peak. It is the amount of time it takes for one wave to pass a given point. , Permeable - Characteristics of a material that contains connected air, spaces, or pores, that water can seep through easily., Impermeable - A characteristic of a material such as clay and granite through which water does not easily pass., Wetland - Areas where water covers the soil or is present either at or near the surface of the soil all year for varying periods of time during the year; including during the growing season., How much salt water is on Earth? - 97%, How much fresh water is on Earth? - 3%, Percolation - the slow passage of a liquid through a filtering or porous medium, like water moving through soil, coffee grounds, or rock, driven by gravity or pressure to extract soluble components or replenish groundwater,

Hydrosphere Study Guide

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