A ____ is a group of parts that work together., system, The ____ form a protective cage around organs inside the body., ribs, The ____ protects the brain and shapes the face., skull, When we enter a dark place, the ____ in our eyes get bigger., pupils, The ____ is located inside the backbone., spinal cord, The natural ways God made animals react to their environment are called ____., instincts, The human knee has a _____ joint., hinge, ____ movements are movements that a person can control., voluntary, Skeletal muscles attach to _____., bones/joints, _____ nerves send messages to the brain., sensory, There are two kinds of nerves in the human body. What are the differences, and give an example where both work together., Sensory nerves send messages from the body to the brain; motor nerves send messages from the brain to the body. Example: touching fire → feel heat → brain → pull hand away., Mention and describe three kinds of joints in the human body and give examples., Hinge joints: move back and forth (elbow, knee); Pivot joints: turn side to side (neck, forearm); Ball-and-socket joints: move in all directions (shoulder, hip)., Explain the difference between voluntary and involuntary actions and give at least two examples of each, Voluntary: controlled actions (waving, picking up a pencil). Involuntary: automatic actions (heartbeat, breathing)., Find the involuntary and the voluntary. While riding her bike, Maya saw a dog jump out in front of her. Her eyes blinked quickly, and her muscles tensed. She grabbed the brakes and steered to the side., Maya: blinked, muscles tensed / (grabbed brakes, steered), Find the involuntary. and the voluntary Emily ran a race during PE. Her lungs worked harder to get oxygen, her heart pumped faster, and she pushed herself to run faster with her arms and legs., Emily: lungs worked harder, heart pumped faster / (ran faster, arms and legs), Find the involuntary and the voluntary. As soon as the heavy rain started, Theo ran for cover. His skin got goosebumps, and he shivered as the wind hit him. He zipped up his jacket and held his arms tight around his body. His teeth chattered slightly., Theo: goosebumps, shivered, teeth chattered / (ran, zipped jacket, held arms), T/F. The way our heart beats faster when we are scared is a voluntary action., F, T/F. We can control all involuntary actions if we concentrate hard enough., F, T/F. Sneezing happens without us choosing to do it., T, T/F. Tibia and fibula are parts of the spinal cord., F, What will happen if all the joints in the human body are hinge joints?, We could only bend and straighten; movement would be very limited., T/F. The femur is located between the hip and the knee., T, instinct or learned. A dolphin learning tricks from a trainer, learned, instinct or learned. A child learning to speak a language, learned, instinct or learned. Salmon returning to their birthplace to spawn, instinct, instinct or learned. A student knows how to stay safe during an earthquake drill, learned, instinct or learned. A duckling following its mother, instinct, Instinct or learned. A bat using echolocation to catch insects, instinct, instinct or learned.InstinctInstinctInstinctInstinct A parrot learning to say human words, learned, instinct or learned.instinct A service dog guiding its owner through traffic, learned, Mention three parts of the human nervous system (from command center to tips) and describe their functions., Brain: control center; Spinal cord: connects brain and body; Nerves: carry messages., What makes humans different from animals in thinking capabilities and emotions?, Humans can reason, create, and understand right and wrong; animals mostly rely on instinct and learning., How can you use your body to praise God or help others?, Use hands to help, feet to serve, voice to pray/sing, and actions to show love and kindness..

4 Sci Ch.12

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