Charlemagne - 800 AD crowned by the Pope as the head of the Holy Roman Empire., Pope Urban II  - Leader of the Roman Catholic Church who asked European Christians to take up arms against Muslims, starting the Crusades., Crusades - A series of holy wars from 1096-1270 AD undertaken by European Christians to free the Holy Land from Muslim rule., Lord - , a person who controlled land and could therefore grant estates to vassals, Feudalism - A political system in which nobles are granted the use of lands that legally belong to their king, in exchange for their loyalty, military service, and protection of the people who live on the land., Manor - In medieval Europe, a large, self-sufficient landholding consisting of the lord's residence, outbuildings, peasant village, and surrounding land, Pope - Head of the Roman Catholic Church, Middle Ages - Also known as the medieval period, the time between the collapse of the Roman Empire and the beginning of the Renaissance., Bubonic Plague - disease brought to Europe during the Middle Ages that killed 1/3 of the population. Fleas. Rats., Serfs - Workers who were tied to the land on which they lived, Fealty Oath - An oath of loyalty, a vassal promised loyalty and military service to the lord., Monk - A man who devotes his life to a religious group, often giving up all he owns., Knight - a man who after an apprenticeship as page and squire was raised to honorable military rank and bound to chivalrous conduct.,

Middle Ages

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