plastic - a synthetic polymer that can be molded or shaped, composite - a combination of two or more substances that creates a new material, polymer - a large, complex molecule built from smaller molecules bonded together, alloy - a substance made of two more elements, at least one of which is a metal, that has the properties of a metal, ceramic - a hard, crystalline solid made by heating clay and other mineral materials to high temperatures, glass - a clear, solid material with no crystal structure, created by heating sand to a very high temperature, optical fiber - long, thin strand of glass or plastic that can carry light for long distances without allowing the light to fade out; can be used for transmitting messages, nuclear reactions - a reaction involving the particles in the nucleus of an atom that can change one element into another element, isotopes - an atom with the same number of protons and different number of neutrons from other atoms of the same element, mass number - the sum of the protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom, radioactive decay - the process in which the atomic nuclei of unstable isotopes release fast-moving particles and energy, nuclear radiation - particles and energy produced during radioactive decay, alpha particle - a form of nuclear radiation consisting of two protons and two electrons, beta particle - an electron that is given off by a nucleus during radioactive decay, gamma radiation - a form of nuclear radiation consisting of high-energy waves, half-life - the length of time needed for half the atoms of a radioactive isotope sample to decay, radioactive dating - the process of determining the age of an object using the half-life of one or more radioactive isotopes, tracer - a radioactive isotope that can be followed through the steps of a chemical reaction or industrial process, radiation therapy - a process in which radioactive elements are used to destroy unhealthy cells,

physical science chapter 8

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