hardware: Central Processing Unit (CPU): The main component that performs calculations and processes instructions., Random Access Memory (RAM): Temporary storage that holds data and instructions for currently running applications., Hard Disk Drive (HDD): A traditional storage device that uses spinning disks to read and write data., Solid-State Drive (SSD): A faster storage device that uses flash memory with no moving parts., Motherboard: The main circuit board that connects and communicates between all hardware components., Graphics Processing Unit (GPU): A specialized processor that accelerates graphics rendering and image processing., Power Supply Unit (PSU): Converts electrical power from an outlet into usable power for the computer’s components., Input Devices: Tools used to enter data into a computer, such as keyboards, mice, and scanners., Output Devices: Equipment that conveys information from the computer, like monitors and printers., Network Interface Card (NIC): Hardware that connects a computer to a network, enabling communication with other devices., software: Operating System (OS): Software that manages hardware resources and provides a user interface (e.g., Windows, macOS, Linux)., Application Software: Programs designed for end-users to perform specific tasks (e.g., word processors, spreadsheets)., Firmware: A type of software that is embedded in hardware components, providing low-level control., Device Drivers: Software that allows the operating system to communicate with hardware devices., Open Source Software: Software whose source code is freely available for modification and distribution., Proprietary Software: Software that is owned by an individual or company, requiring a license for use., Virtualization Software: Allows multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical machine, optimizing resource usage., Integrated Development Environment (IDE): Software that provides developers with tools for writing and testing code., Malware: Malicious software designed to harm or exploit any programmable device or network., Cloud Computing: Delivery of computing services (storage, processing, software) over the internet, allowing for scalable resources.,

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