CPU, The "brain" of the computer that fetches and executes instructions., SSD, Non-volatile storage with no moving parts, faster than a HDD., Operating System, Software that manages hardware and provides a user interface., GUI, An interface using Windows, Icons, Menus, and Pointers (WIMP)., RAM, Volatile primary memory that stores data currently in use., Router, Hardware used to transfer data packets between different networks., WLAN, A local area network that uses radio waves instead of cables., HTTP, The protocol used for transmitting web pages over the internet., Hub, A device that broadcasts data packets to all nodes on a network, Bridge, Connects two different LANs that use the same protocol., Phishing, Sending fraudulent emails to steal personal sensitive data., Smishing, A security attack where users are tricked via SMS messages., Encryption, Scrambling data into cyphertext so it cannot be understood without a key., Biometrics, Using unique physical characteristics (like fingerprints) for authentication., Spam, Unsolicited bulk emails often used for advertising or spreading malware., Expert System, Software that mimics the decision-making ability of a human specialist., Batch Processing, Processing data in large groups at a specific time without user interaction., Sensor, An input device that measures physical properties like temperature or light., OMR, Technology used to read marks made in pre-defined positions on a form., CAD, Software used by engineers and architects to create 2D or 3D designs..

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