1) Dear Students, (1) It’s no secret that kids our age enjoy spending time on a computer or a cell phone. (2) Health experts tell us that we need to exercise for at least an hour a day, but tearing ourselves away from our electronic devices can be hard. (3) Playing a team sport is one way to get this exercise. (4) Not every kid wants to join a team. (5) For anyone who wants a fun, healthy way to exercise at his or her own pace, I have a suggestion: take a martial-arts class! (6) Learning and practicing self-defense can help improve your physical fitness, mental focus, self-discipline, and social skills. a) Playing a team sport is one way to get this exercise, so not every kid wants to join a team. b) Playing a team sport is one way to get this exercise, but not every kid wants to join a team. c) Not every kid wants to join a team, also playing a team sport is one way to get this exercise. d) Because playing a team sport is one way to get this exercise, not every kid wants to join a team. 2) (7) I know from experience that studying martial arts can help you improve your physical fitness. (8) When my parents, at age seven, insisted I get off the couch and “do something,” I began taking karate. (9) At first it was difficult for me to complete the kicking, punching, and blocking drills in karate. (10) I practiced every week to get my heart pumping and at striking foam pads with my hands to help improve my technique. (11) I have become stronger, faster, and better coordinated than I was when I first started. (12) I love feeling healthier and knowing that I can defend myself if necessary.Sentence 8 lacks clarity. What is the MOST effective change Rose can make to improve the clarity of this sentence? a) I began taking karate at age seven when my parents insisted I get off the couch and“do something.” b) I began taking karate, when my parents at age seven insisted I get off the couch and“do something.” c) My parents insisted I get off the couch and “do something” when I began taking karateat age seven. d) When I began taking karate, my parents insisted I get off the couch and “do something” at age seven. 3) (13) Taking a martial arts class is not just good for improving physical fitness. (14) Classes usually begin with breathing exercises and a time of silence to help clear the mind. (15) By engaging in these activities, students learn how to train their minds to be calm and alert. (16) Developing strong mental focus helps participants respond to an instructor’s commands and helps participants sense when to adjust their form. (17) Additionally instructors teach students how to focus their energy so they can kick and punch with more power and accuracy. (18) Having strong mental focus helps students defeat their opponents during a match.Which of the following sentences should replace sentence 13 to serve as a more effective topic sentence of this paragraph? a) As if the physical benefits weren’t enough, participating in martial arts also helpskids develop strong mental focus. b) In martial arts class, the instruction goes beyond learning how to perform physicalmoves more effectively. c) Many people are surprised by the variety of benefits that they receive from takinga martial arts class. d) Taking a martial arts class will certainly help someone get in better shape physically,but that’s not the only benefit. 4) By really pushing themselves to improve, people learn to conquer self-doubt.Which word would be a more precise word to use than really in sentence 21? a) actually b) quickly c) honestly d) constantly 5) (24) Studying martial arts has social benefits too. (25) Instructors stress the importance of respecting others, and respect is the basis for any successful relationship. (26) Also, martial-arts classes are often filled with students of all ages and backgrounds. (27) I think martial arts is the best sport because many people can practice it together. (28) Participants will have a chance to develop new friendships while learning new skills in a supportive environment.Which sentence in the fifth paragraph (sentences 24–28) is extraneous and should be deleted? a) Sentence 25 b) Sentence 26 c) Sentence 27 d) Sentence 28 6) (29) Learning to master martial arts takes effort and dedication, but the benefits are countless. (30) Improved physical fitness, mental focus, self-discipline, and social skills are just a few of the many benefits the martial arts have to offer. (31) And, you can practice on your own time, at your own pace, in the comfort of your home. Sincerely, RoseWhich sentence should Rose add after sentence 31 to improve the conclusion of her letter? a) Why do you think these classes are so popular? b) Are there any other benefits you want to know about? c) Do you see why it’s better for you than using a computer? d) Why not put down your phone, try a class, and see for yourself?

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