phalanx, military formation of foot soldiers armed with spears and shields, Polis, A city-state in ancient Greece, oligarchy, rule by a few, acropolis, fortified hilltop in an ancient Greek city, tyrant, a leader who held power through the use of force, sparta, Greek city-state focused on military and strength,governed by an oligarchy., agora, the marketplace in ancient Greece, athens, A democratic Greek polis known for emphasis on arts and education, helots, workers captured and enslaved by the Spartans, peninsula, land surrounded by water on three sides, democracy, government by the people, ephor, man responsible for the day-to-day operation of the government in Sparta, colony, a new settlement established and governed by a country in another land that keeps close ties to its homeland, satrap, official who ruled a province/state in the Persian Empire under Darius, Satrapy/Satrapies, the 20 provinces/ states into which Darius divided the Persian Empire, Zoroastrianism, Persian religion founded by Zoroaster; taught that humans had the freedom to choose between right and wrong, and that goodness would triumph in the end , direct democracy, a form of democracy in which the people vote firsthand, representative democracy, a form of democracy in which citizens elect officials to govern on their behal, bard, someone who writes or performs epic poems or stories about heroes and their deeds.

Ancient Greece

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