gamete - A sex cell. In humans, they are sperm and eggs (ovums). Produced by meiosis., chromosome - Contained inside the cell's nucleus. These are long threads of DNA, which are made up of many genes., gene - A small section of DNA on a chromosome, that code for a particular sequence of amino acids, to make a specific protein. It is the unit of heredity, and may be copied and passed on to the next generation., allele - Different versions of the same gene., dominant allele - Always expressed, even if only one copy is present. Represented by a capital letter, for example, A., recessive allele - Only expressed if the individual has two copies and does not have the dominant allele of that gene. Represented by a lower case letter, for example, a., homozygous - Same two alleles for example AA or aa, heterozygous - Two different alleles for the same characteristic, for example Aa., genotype - The collection of alleles that determine characteristics, phenotype - Expression of the genotype.,

Flashcards - Genetic inheritance terminology

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