frontal lobe - This part of the brain is responsible for reasoning, thinking, planning, language, judgement, emotions, motor function, and movement. , parietal lobe - This part of the brain is responsible for knowing right from left, hearing, sensation, reading, smell, taste, and touch., occipital lobe - This part of the brain is responsible for vision, visual processing, and color identification., cerebellum - This part of the brain is responsible for your vestibular, balance, coordination, and attention., brain stem - This part of the brain is responsible for your breathing, heart rate, and temperature. , temporal lobe - This part of the brain is responsible for understanding language and memory., dendrite - A short branched extension of a nerve cell, along which impulses received from other cells are transmitted to the cell body. , soma (cell body) - This is the central part of a nueron that contains the nucleus, mitochondria, and DNA of the cell. , axon - This is a long, slender extension of a neuron that transmits electrical signals away from the cell body (soma) to other cells. , myelin sheath - This is a fatty, insulating layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems. , neurotransmitter - Chemical messengers that transmit signals through nerve cells., action potential  - This is a rapid change in a neuron's electrical potential across a neuron's membrane; essentially an electrical impulse that travels down the axon., synaptic gap - The small space between one neuron's axon and the dendrites of the other. ,

Parts of the Brain and Functions

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