Cerebrum: The large, recognisable part of the brain, divided into 2 hemispheres, Conscious thought, over-ride of reflexes, intelligence, reasoning and judgement, Cerebral cortex: Thin outermost layer of nerve cell bodies, Control of specific activities and body regions: Sensory, Association and Motor areas, Cerebellum: ‘Leaf’ shaped region of the brain containing over 50% of its nerve cells, ‘Automatic’ responses such as balance, posture, kinaesthetic functions, muscle tension, antagonism in muscle pairs, Medulla oblongata: Part of the brain stem, Control of non-skeletal muscles and of autonomic nervous system: cardiac and respiratory systems, Hypothalamus: Cone-shaped structure in the central area of the brain, Control of homeostatic functions e.g. temperature inputs, osmoreceptors, and control of pituitary gland, Pituitary gland: Endocrine organ located in the centre and the base of the brain, divided into anterior and posterior lobes, Stores and releases ADH, produces Human Growth Hormone, Prolactin, Oxytocin and a number of other hormones,

Brain structure & function

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