Fossil - The preserved remains or traces of an organism that lived in the past, usually more than 10,000 years ago, is known as what?, The diversity of living things over the history of Earth, past climate and surface changes on Earth, and changes that have occurred with organisms over time. - Fossils give clues to three things. Name them., Environmental conditions - Essential to the study of fossil formation are (1) how fossils are formed and (2) the ________ ________ that favor fossil formation., Mold fossil - Type of fossil that forms when sediments bury an organism and the sediments change into rock., The organism decays leaving a cavity in the shape of the organism - What happens to the organism when a mold fossil forms?, Petrified fossil (permineralized fossil) - Type of fossil that forms when minerals soak into the buried remains, replacing the remains, and changing them into rock., Preserved fossil - Type of fossil that forms when entire organisms or parts of organisms are prevented from decaying by being trapped in rock, ice, tar, or amber., Rock, ice, tar or amber - A preserved fossil forms when an entire organism or a part of an organism gets trapped in what?, Carbonized fossil - Type of fossil that forms when organisms or parts, like leaves, stems, flowers, fish, are pressed between layers of soft mud or clay that hardens squeezing almost all the decaying organism away leaving the carbon imprint in the rock., Trace fossil - Type of fossil that forms when the mud or sand hardens to stone where a footprint, trail, or burrow of an organism was left behind., Mold fossils, cast fossils, petrified fossils (per mineralized fossils), preserved fossils, carbonized fossils, and trace fossils - Name the six types of fossils., The fossil record - What gives important information about past life and environments on Earth?, Certain fossilized organisms could only live in specific environments or under particular climate conditions. - What does the fossil record tell us about an organism's relationship to its environment or climate?, The fossil record tells us the particular time an organism became extinct. - What does the fossil record tell us about extinct organisms?, The fossil record tells us when new organisms or life-forms appeared on earth. - What does the fossil record tell us about new life?, Relative age - What term do we use to compare the age of one object to the age of another object?, The exact age of an object - What does relative age not tell?, Ordering of rock layers and index fossils - What are the two basic methods to determine the relative age of rocks and fossils?, The law of superposition - What law states that each rock layer is older than the one above it?, If the rock or fossil is farther down in the rock layers. - Using the law of superposition (layering), the relative age of the rock or fossil in the rock is older if what?, The rock layers have been preserved in their original sequence. - Relative dating can be used only when what?, In sedimentary rocks - Where are most fossils formed?, On top of older rocks - Sedimentary rocks pile up one atop the other. According to the Law of Superposition, younger rocks lie where?, On top of older fossils - According to the Law of Superposition, younger fossils lie where?, An organism must have lived only during a short part of Earth's history, many fossils of the organism must be found in rock layers, the fossil must be found over a wide area of Earth, and the organism must be unique - Index fossils can be used to help find the relative age of rock layers. To be an index fossil, four criteria must apply. Name the criteria., The species lived for a short amount of time - An index fossil is better if what?, Trilobite - What is a key example of an index fossil?,

Fossils 8th Grade Science

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