justification defense - A defense for a criminal act claiming that the criminal act was reasonable or necessary under the circumstances., insanity - A legal defense that maintains a defendant was incapable of forming criminal intent because he or she suffers from a defect of reason or mental illness., entrapment - A criminal defense that maintains the police originated the criminal idea or initiated the criminal action., self-defense - A legal defense in which defendants claim that their behavior was legally justified by the necessity to protect their own life and property, or that of another victim, from potential harm., obitiatry - Helping people take their own lives., stalking - The willful, malicious, and repeated following and harassing of another person., substantive criminal law - A body of specific rules that declare what conduct is criminal and that prescribe the punishment to be imposed for such conduct., criminal procedure - The rules and laws that define the operation of criminal proceedings., civil law - All law that is not criminal, Tort - A personal injury or wrong for which an action for damages may be brought., public law - The branch of law that deals with the state or government and its relationships with individuals or other governments., lex talionis - Latin for "law as retaliation, the belief that the purpose of the law is to provide retaliation for an offended party and that the punishment should fit the crime., stare decisis - Latin for "to stand by decided cases." The legal principle by which the decision or holding in an earlier case becomes the standard by which subsequent similar cases are judged., common law - Early English law,, mala in se - Refers to acts that society considers inherently evil, such as murder and rape., mala prohibitum - Crimes created by legislative bodies that reflect prevailing moral beliefs and practices., ex post facto laws - Acts that retroactively change the legal status of actions that were committed before the enactment of a law and/or change the consequences after it was enacted., felony - A more serious offense that carries a penalty of incarceration in a state prison,, misdemeanor - A minor crime usually punished by less than one year's imprisonment in a local institution, actus reus - An illegal act., mens rea - Guilty mind,

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