1) Which type of cells is DNA most commonly extracted from? a) epithelial cells b) red blood cells c) bone cells d) nerve cells 2) Why are the cells in the mouth epithelial layer ideal for DNA extraction? a) do not detach from the mouth surface easily b) dense in nuclei and DNA c) Hard to induce lysis d) do not disintegrate easily 3) What is added to the DNA solution to allow the cell membranes to break down? a) ethanol b) salt c) detergent d) water 4) What is added to the DNA solution to help the DNA to precipitate out of the solution? a) ethanol b) salt c) detergent d) water 5) What is the gel in a gel electrophoresis tank made from? a) jelly b) agar c) DNA d) salt 6) To which end are the electrodes attached when running a DNA profile? a) Negative to DNA end and positive at other end b) Positive to DNA end and negative at other end c) Negative and positive both at DNA end d) Negative and positive both opposite to the DNA end 7) In gel electrophoresis, DNA fragments are separated by ... a) mass b) size c) volume d) salinity 8) In gel electrophoresis, smaller DNA fragments travel.... a) further than larger DNA fragments b) less far than larger DNA fragments c) same distance as larger DNA fragments 9) Who matches the crime scene sample a) victim b) suspect 1 c) suspect 2 d) suspect 3 10) When light passes from one substance to another, it bends. This is called... a) refelection b) refraction c) reference d) referral 11) The higher the refractive index the... a) more the light bends b) less the light bends 12) Glass will disappear when placed in a solution with... a) a higher refractive index b) a lower refractive index c) the same refractive index 13) To calculate refractive index... a) sin(i) / sin(r) b) sin(r) / sin (i) 14) Density = a) mass / volume b) volume / mass 15) Volume can be measured by a) using an electronic balance b) using a ruler c) measuring how much water is displaced d) gel electrophoresis 16) If a bullet hits glass, the bullet hole will be wider at the... a) front side that is hit b) exit side 17) Radial fracture lines appear on which side of the glass? a) opposite side to what is hit b) front surface (side that is hot) 18) Concentric fracture lines appear on which side of the glass? a) opposite side to what is hit b) front surface (side that is hot) 19) Which bullet hit first? a) A b) B c) C 20) Which is right? a) A and B are both radial b) A and B are both concentric c) A is radial and B concentric d) B is radial and A concentric 21) Gun shot residue is most often recovered from... a) hands b) shoes c) toes d) legs 22) The test for GSR a) Modified Greiss Test b) Kastle Meyer test c) Phadebas test d) Iodine test 23) A chemical found in gunpowder and tested for in GSR. a) carbohydrate b) protein c) hydrogen d) nitrite 24) Where would nitrite be found in a gun? a) firing pin b) gunpowder in the primer c) bullet casing d) gun handle 25) A positive GSR test will turn a) blue b) brown c) black d) orange 26) A false positive GSR test could result from handling... a) fireworks and fertilisers b) fire and water c) wood and charcoal d) blood and bone

Criminology revision A

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