Cell Membrane, surrounds the cell and controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell, acting as a protective barrier., Cytoplasm, a jelly-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles in place, providing a medium where many chemical reactions take place., Nucleus, the control center of the cell that houses the cell’s genetic material (DNA) and regulates cell activities such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction., Nucleolus, found inside the nucleus, is responsible for the production of ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis., Mitochondria, the powerhouses of the cell that generate energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration, fueling the cell’s activities., Ribosomes, responsible for synthesizing proteins by translating genetic information into amino acid sequences. They can either be free in the cytoplasm or attached to the rough endoplasmic reticulum., Golgi Apparatus, modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids from the ER and sends them to their designated locations within or outside the cell., Lysosomes, contain digestive enzymes that break down waste materials, old cell parts, and foreign substances, helping in the process of cellular cleaning., Vacuole, storage sacs that contain water, food, waste, and other substances. In plant cells, the central vacuole helps maintain cell rigidity and stores important nutrients., Chloroplasts, contain chlorophyll and are responsible for photosynthesis, converting sunlight into chemical energy stored in glucose, which the plant uses for growth and energy., Cell Walls, provides structural support and protection to the cell and helps maintain its shape, preventing over-expansion from internal water pressure., Centrioles, play an essential role in cell division by organizing the microtubules that form the spindle fibers, which are necessary for separating chromosomes., Cytoskeleton, a network of fibers that maintains the cell’s shape, helps with intracellular transport, and is involved in cell movement and division..

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