Urinary system, The system that produces, stores, and eliminates urine, Kidney, The main organ of the urinary system that filters blood, Renal cortex, The outer layer of the kidney, Renal medulla, The inner region of the kidney containing renal pyramids, Renal pelvis, The funnel-shaped cavity that collects urine from the kidney, Nephron, The functional unit of the kidney, Renal corpuscle (Malpighian body), The initial filtering component of the nephron, Glomerulus, A network of capillaries that filters blood in the kidney, Bowman's capsule, The cup-shaped structure surrounding the glomerulus, Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT), The first coiled part of the renal tubule, Loop of Henle, The U-shaped part of the renal tubule, Distal convoluted tubule (DCT), The second coiled part of the renal tubule, Collecting duct, The tube that collects urine from multiple nephrons, Renal artery, The blood vessel that brings blood to the kidney, Renal vein, The blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney, Ureter, The tube that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder, Urinary bladder, The muscular sac that stores urine, Urethra, The tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside, Urine, The liquid waste product excreted by the kidneys, Filtration, The process of separating waste from blood in the glomerulus, Reabsorption, The process of returning useful substances to the blood, Secretion, The active transport of additional waste into the renal tubule, Excretion, The elimination of waste products from the body, Osmoregulation, The control of water and salt balance in the body, Urea, A nitrogenous waste product produced in the liver, Creatinine, A waste product from muscle metabolism, Urinary meatus, The external opening of the urethra, Renal hilum, The concave region where blood vessels and ureter enter the kidney, Cortex, The outer layer of an organ (e.g., kidney), Medulla, The inner layer of an organ (e.g., kidney)

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