ad hominem - Attacking your opponent's character or personal traits in an attempt to undermine their argument., appeal to emotion - Manipulating an emotional response in place of a valid or compelling argument., appeal to authority  - Using the opinion or position of an authority figure, or institution of authority, in place of an actual argument. Use of this fallacy should not be used to dismiss experts or scientific consensus., bandwagon - Appealing to popularity or the fact that many people do something as an attempted form of validation., begging the question - A circular argument in which the conclusion is included in the premise., black-or-white - Where two options are presented as the only possibilities, when in fact more possibilities exist., false cause - Presuming that a real or perceived relationship between things means that one is the cause of the other., loaded question - Asking a question that has an assumption built into it so that it can't be answered without appearing guilty., slippery slope - Asserting that if we allow A to happen, then Z will consequently happen too, therefore A should not happen. , the fallacy fallacy - Presuming that because a claim has been poorly argued, or a fallacy has been made, that it is necessarily wrong., anecdotal - Using personal experience or an isolated example instead of a valid argument, especially to dismiss statistics. , appeal to nature - Making the argument that because something is 'natural' it is therefore valid, justified, inevitable, good, or ideal., strawman - Misrepresenting someone's argument to make it easier to attack. , burden of proof - Saying that the burden of proof lies not with the person making the claim, but with someone else to disprove. ,

Logical Fallacies

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