Ostinato - persistent repeated phrase, chord or pattern or rhythm, Contrary motion - One melody goes up while one goes down, paralel motion - melodies move up/down in the same shape , oblique motion - two different motions, ground bass - short and constantly repeated bass motif, Theme and variation - Main theme that is varied in places, Rhythmic shift - displacing the rhythm, sequence - reppetition of a passage at a higher or lower level of pitch, Melisima - A group of notes sung to a single syllable, Monophony - single line of music, polyphony - 2 lines of music , homophony - Block chords - all parts move in the same direction , modulation - key change moment for tension and build up , imitation - imitation of a phrase, that might have slight changes, fuge/cannon/stagered entries - Type of strict imitation - row row row ur boat, Pedal - sustained note (usually tonic) in the lowest part, syncopation - misplaced accent/off beats, diminution - shortening note values in repeated phrase(halfing it), Augmentation - making notes longer in repeated phrase, counter melody - Two melodies playing at once, but one is more dominant than the other. , recapitulation - re-stating of a main thing. (sonatas), fragmentation - melody developed using fragments of an initial melody, inversion - turn upside down - intervals reversed ,

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