A waterfall forms when a river meets a band of softer rock, Processes such as abrasion cause undercutting, The softer rock is eroded away more easily, The more resistant rock is left unsupported and overhangs, Eventually the more resistant rock collapses onto the river bed, The fallen rocks causes abrasion of the river bed, Hydraulic action also helps to create a deep plunge pool, The process is repeated and the waterfall retreats upstream, A steep sided valley called a gorge is created as the waterfall retreats.

How is a waterfall formed?

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