Intralingual translation, Rewording within the same language, Interlingual translation, Translation between two languages, Intersemiotic translation, Transmutation into non-verbal signs, Formal equivalence, Faithful to the original form, Dynamic/Functional equivalence, Focus on communicative effect, Informative text, Aims to convey facts clearly, Expressive text, Emphasizes artistic or aesthetic form, Operative text, Persuades or calls to action.

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