An agriculture laborer who is tied to the land - serf, Pledge their allegiance and military support to nobles or lords - knight, On top of the feudal system - king, The social system of medieval Europe - Feudal System, Those who pray - Clergy, To try to solve the heresy problem, this is what the church did... - inquisition, Bishop of Rome - Pope, Pope who called for the 1st crusades - Urban II, What was the goal of the crusades? - to recapture the Levant or Holy Land, The First Council of Constantinople established the divine trinity, which means... - God is 3 parts - Father, Son, Holy Spirit, This individual expanded the Franks kingdom, was named emperor of Rome, expanded the church, and made educational reforms - Charlemagne, First great French king, greatly increasing the land and revenue - Phillip II, This English king made himself on top of church. He also increased royal power and tore down baronial castles - Henry II, English king that was forced to sign the Magna Carta - King John, Holy Roman Emperor that started the concepts of states - Frederick I, Name for people who lived in the new towns - Bourgeoisie, Documents given to towns by nobles to grant them some freedoms - Charters, New style of architecture of late Middle Ages. Towns competed to build the biggest churches in this style. - Gothic, Who were the scapegoats for Black Plague? - Jews, One positive of the Black Death - Rebalanced the economy, The Vikings were able to explore and pillage most of Europe because of these - Viking longships, What did Leif Erikson do? - Started a colony in North America 500 years before CC discovered it, Women were relatively equal and could even be _____ in Viking culture - Warriors, Where did the Vikings come from? - Scandinavia, Name one way that we still have Viking influence in our culture - Language, Days of the week, ect.,

Middle Ages

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