structure - any object with a specific size and shape that serves a definite purpose or function, structural stability - the ability of a structure to maintain its position even when it is being acted on by forces; being balanced, difficult to topple over, force - a push or a pull that tends to cause an object to change its movement or its shape; measured in newtons, solid - a structure made of a solid piece of strong material;, frame - a structure consisting of a rigid arrangement of parts joined together, shell - a structure with a solid outer surface and a hollow inner area, function - the use or purpose of a structure, aesthetics - the pleasing appearance or effect that an object has because of its design, Newton - a unit for measuring force, external force - a force applied to an object by something else, mass - the amount of matter in an object, centre of gravity - an imaginary point in an object where the downward force of gravity acts, load - an external force acting on an object, dead load - the weight of the structure itself that does not move, live load - a moving or changing force acting on an object, beam bridge - a bridge supported by a beam or several beams; the most common type of bridge, truss bridge - a bridge supported by trusses, suspension bridge - a bridge having its roadway hung from large cables supported between tall towers, arch bridge - a bridge supported by an arch or a series of arches, internal force - a force that one part of a structure exerts on other parts within the same structur, compression - a force that acts to squeeze an object or to push parts within an object together, tension - a force that stretches and pulls apart an object, shear - a force that acts to push parts that are in contact with each other in opposite directions, complementary forces - two or more forces acting on an object at the same time, structural failure - the breakdown of a structure due to the internal and external forces acting on it, friction - the force that results when the surface of one object moves against the surface of another object, fixed joint - this type of joint is rigid and prevents movement, mobile joint - this type of join is flexible and allows certain parts to move as required, margin of safety - the limits within which the safety aspects of a structure are considered to be acceptable, corrugation - the forming of a material into wave-like ridges or folds,

Unit D: Structures & Forces

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