Passive Transport - The movement of materials across the cell membrane without using cellular energy ​., Diffusion - The process by which particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration ​., Facilitated Diffusion - The process where molecules that cannot directly diffuse across the membrane pass through special protein channels ​., Aquaporins - Water channel proteins that allow water to pass through cell membranes ​., Osmosis - The diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane ​., Osmotic Pressure - The force caused by the net movement of water into or out of a cell by osmosis ​., Isotonic Solution - A solution where the concentration of solutes is the same as the concentration inside the cell ​., Hypertonic Solution - A solution that has a higher concentration of solutes compared to the cell ​., Hypotonic Solution - A solution that has a lower concentration of solutes compared to the cell ​., Active Transport - The movement of materials against a concentration difference (from low to high concentration), which requires cellular energy ​., Protein Pumps - Transport proteins that use energy to move small molecules and ions across the cell membrane ​., Endocytosis - The process of taking material into the cell by forming a vesicle from the cell membrane ​., Phagocytosis - A type of endocytosis ("cell eating") where cytoplasm surrounds a large particle and packages it within a vacuole ​., Pinocytosis - A type of endocytosis ("cell drinking") where the cell membrane forms pockets, fills with liquid, and pinches off into vacuoles ​., Exocytosis - The process of releasing large amounts of material from the cell by fusing a vesicle with the cell membrane ​.,

G9 - Biology -ch.8 cell structure and function (Definitions )

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