A family of chemicals made by fermenting sugars. - alcohol, Clothing that lets the water vapour from sweat escape has this. - breathability, Fibres made from carbon atoms only. They are stiffer than steel. - carbon fibre, A chemical that stops oil and water parts from separating in an emulsion. - emulsifier, The chemical name of the ‘alcohol’ in alcoholic drinks. - ethanol, The process in which yeast turns sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide. Used to make beer and wine. - fermentation, A special fabric that can ‘breathe’ but keeps liquid water out. - Gore-Tex™, ‘Water loving’ – chemicals that dissolve or mix completely with water. - hydrophilic, ‘Water hating’ – chemicals like oil that do not ‘mix’ with water. - hydrophobic, A very strong plastic fibre that can be used for bullet-proof vests. - Kevlar™, A brand of very stretchy polymer (plastic) fibre. - Lycra™, A material which has nanoparticles used in combination with other materials. - nanocomposites, A particle with a diameter between 10 and 100 nanometres. - nanoparticle, New technology built around the use of nanoparticles. - nanotechnology, A material that can change its properties as conditions change. - smart material, A sweet-tasting chemical found naturally in fruits. - sugar, The material used to coat ‘non-stick’ pans. - Teflon™, A brand of insulating material that is made from very fine polypropene fibres. Polypropene is a type of plastic. - Thinsulate™,

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