SIEM (Security Information and Event Management)Technology - Collects, analyzes, and correlates security logs for threat detection, compliance, and incident response. Examples: Splunk, IBM QRadar, ArcSight, LogRhythm, EDR - Endpoint Detection and Response: Provides continuous monitoring and response to advanced threats on endpoints. Examples: CrowdStrike Falcon, Microsoft Defender for Endpoint, SentinelOne, IDS - Intrusion Detection System: Monitors network traffic to detect suspicious or malicious activity; alerts but does not block. Examples: Snort, Suricata, OSSEC, IPS - Intrusion Prevention System: Monitors and actively blocks or mitigates malicious traffic in real-time. Examples: Cisco Firepower, Palo Alto Threat Prevention, Fortinet FortiGate IPS, UDM - Unified Device Management / Unified Defense Management: Centralized management of multiple security/network devices. Sometimes overlaps with UEM/UTM vendors’ terminology. Examples: Fortinet FortiManager, Cisco Defense Orchestrator, UTM - Unified Threat Management: All-in-one security appliance combining firewall, IPS, VPN, AV, and content filtering. Examples: Sophos XG Firewall, Fortinet FortiGate, WatchGuard Firebox, MDM - Mobile Device Management: Controls, monitors, and secures mobile devices in an enterprise environment. Examples: VMware Workspace ONE, Microsoft Intune, MobileIron, MAM - Mobile Application Management: Manages and secures applications (instead of entire devices) for BYOD scenarios. Examples: Microsoft Intune MAM, Apperian, Citrix Endpoint Management, SOAR - Security Orchestration, Automation, and Response: Automates incident response workflows, integrates tools, and improves SOC efficiency. Examples: Palo Alto Cortex XSOAR, Splunk SOAR, IBM Resilient, AV - Antivirus: Detects and removes malware using signature-based and heuristic scanning. Examples: McAfee, Symantec/Norton, Kaspersky, Windows Defender, DLP - Data Loss Prevention: Monitors and prevents unauthorized sharing or leakage of sensitive data. Examples: Symantec DLP, Forcepoint DLP, McAfee Total Protection for DLP, CASB - Cloud Access Security Broker: Enforces security, compliance, and governance for cloud apps (SaaS). Examples: Netskope, McAfee MVISION Cloud, Microsoft Defender for Cloud Apps, SWG - Secure Web Gateway: Filters and inspects outbound/inbound web traffic for malware and policy violations. Examples: Zscaler Internet Access, Cisco Umbrella, Symantec Web Security Service, WAF - Web Application Firewall: Protects web applications from attacks like SQL injection, XSS, and OWASP Top 10 threats. Examples: AWS WAF, F5 BIG-IP ASM, Cloudflare WAF, VPN - Virtual Private Network: Encrypts internet traffic for secure remote access and privacy. Examples: Cisco AnyConnect, Palo Alto GlobalProtect, OpenVPN, NGFW - Next-Generation Firewall: Advanced firewall with deep packet inspection, application awareness, and integrated IPS/URL filtering. Examples: Palo Alto Networks NGFW, Check Point, Cisco Firepower,

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