1) Diffusion a) Water through membrane b) Movement high to low c) Reaction acid and base d) Low to high with energy 2) Osmosis a) Water through semi-permeable membrane b) Low to high using energy c) Particles high to low d) Rain with dissolved gases 3) Active transport a) High to low movement b) pH equals 7 c) Water through membrane d) Low to high using energy 4) Macronutrients a) Contain carbon b) Needed in tiny amounts c) Needed in large amounts d) Do not contain carbon 5) Micronutrients a) Needed in large amounts b) Fats and oils c) Store genetic information d) Needed in tiny amounts 6) Organic compound a) No carbon b) pH less than 7 c) Contains carbon d) pH greater than 7 7) Inorganic compound a) Contains carbon b) Does not contain carbon c) Water movement only d) Hydrocarbon and oxygen 8) Substrate a) Living or nutrient material b) A pH 7 solution c) Salt and water reaction d) Nitrogen in atmosphere 9) Neutral solution a) pH less than 7 b) pH of 7 c) Contains carbon d) pH greater than 7 10) Base a) pH greater than 7 b) Breaks down dead organisms c) pH less than 7 d) pH equals 7 11) Acid a) pH equals 7 b) pH greater than 7 c) High to low movement d) pH less than 7 12) Example of a neutral substance a) Oven cleaner b) Hydrocarbon c) Pure water d) Sulfur dioxide 13) Example of a base a) Carbon dioxide b) Oven cleaner c) Rainwater d) Pure water 14) Nitrogen fixation a) Moves water through membrane b) Breaks down dead organisms c) Forms acid rain d) Converts N2 usable compounds 15) Nitrogen gas (N2) a) Energy storage fat b) Salt from neutralization c) Atmospheric nitrogen unusable to plants d) Plant-usable nitrate 16) Decomposition a) Decomposers return nitrogen to soil b) Moves particles low to high c) Makes rain acidic d) Converts N2 to compounds 17) Three main nutrients in fertilizers a) Sodium chloride calcium b) DNA RNA ATP c) Carbon hydrogen oxygen d) Nitrogen phosphorus potassium 18) Fertilizer numbers (example 4-14-6) a) pH scale values b) Number of enzymes c) Percent N P K d) Carbon chain length 19) Acid rain a) Hydrocarbon burning only b) SO2 and NOx in water c) Salt plus water reaction d) Pure water at pH 7 20) Neutralization reaction a) Acid + base → salt + water b) Hydrocarbon + oxygen → CO2 + H2O c) High to low particle movement d) N2 to nitrogen compounds 21) General combustion formula a) Acid + base → salt + water b) Water through membrane only c) Hydrocarbon + O2 → CO2 + H2O + energy d) Low to high without energy 22) Pesticides a) Water movement process b) Chemicals that kill pests c) Nutrients for growth d) pH 7 substance 23) Carbohydrates a) Provide energy b) Growth and repair c) Fats and oils d) Store genetic code 24) Lipids a) Provide genetic information b) Convert N2 c) pH less than 7 d) Fats and oils storage 25) Proteins a) Growth and repair b) Energy storage fats c) Acid rain formation d) Genetic information molecules 26) Nucleic acids a) Used for growth repair b) Energy storage oils c) pH greater than 7 d) Store genetic information 27) High concentration a) Semi-permeable barrier b) Few particles present c) Many particles present d) pH equals 7 28) Low concentration a) Contains carbon b) Fewer particles present c) Many particles present d) Low to high with energy 29) Energy in active transport a) No energy needed always b) Cells use energy for low to high c) pH determines movement d) Only water moves 30) Semi-permeable membrane a) Allows some substances through b) Contains carbon chains c) Has pH greater than 7 d) Blocks all substances

Unit C- Section 1

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