Fundal Height - The distance, in centimeters, measured with a tape measure from the top of the pubic bone to the top of the uterus (fundus) with the client lying on their back with their knees slightly flexed. Should measure approximately equal to the number of weeks gestation until week 36., Fetal Movement - Typically begins in the second trimester, but is earlier for those with multiple pregnancies. The mother's first perception of fetal movement, termed "quickening" is commonly described as a gentle fluttering. Decreased movement is thought to represent fetal compensation for chronic hypoxic environment due to inadequacies in the placental supply of oxygen and nutrients., Fetal HR - Normal rate and rhythm is 110-160 bpm., Non-Stress Tests - Measures the uteroplacental function. Measuring the fetal movement, and heart rate., Biophysical Profile (BPP) - Real-time ultrasound and nonstress test to allow assessments sensitive to hypoxia. It monitors fetal movements, tone, fetal breathing, and an ultrasound assessment of amniotic fluid volume with or without heart rate. It has five components, each worth 2 points, with 10 being the highest score. A score between 8-10 is normal. Normal = 2, and abnormal = 0, Zygotic Stage - Fertilization of sperm and egg through the second week, Blastocyst Stage - Zygote divides into a solid ball of cells which attaches to the uterus, Embryonic Stage - Major organs and structures begin to emerge by the end of the second week through the eighth week, Fetal Stage - Differentiation and Structures specialize by the end of the eighth week until birth,

FETAL MONITORING

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