Disease Process : Introduce the pancreas and the islets of Langerhans., Describe how insulin is made and what affects its production., Discuss the relationship of insulin and glucose., Explain the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes., Physical Activity : Discuss the effect of regular exercise on managing blood glucose and improving cardiovascular function and general health., Menu Planning : Stress the importance of a well-balanced diet as part of a diabetes management plan., Explain the impact of carbohydrates on blood glucose levels., Medication : Ensure that the patient understands the proper use of prescribed medication (e.g., insulin, OAs, noninsulin injectables)., Account for a patient’s physical or other limitations or inabilities for self-medication. If necessary, involve the family or caregiver in proper use of medication., Discuss all side effects and safety issues about medication., Monitoring blood glucose : Teach correct blood glucose monitoring., Include when to check blood glucose levels, how to record them, and how to adjust insulin levels, if necessary., Risk Reduction : Ensure that the patient understands and appropriately responds to the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia., Stress the importance of proper foot care, regular eye examinations, and consistent glucose monitoring., Teach the patient about the effect that stress can have on blood glucose., Psychosocial : Help the patient identify resources that are available to help with the adjustment and answer questions about living with a chronic condition such as diabetes.,

Patient & Caregiver Teaching: Management of Diabetes

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