Are construction plans cosist of drawings, diagrams and notes showing the layout of floors and uses - Building Plans and Contract Documents, The principal players assuming lead roles in initiating a project and preparing their plans and implementing them are: - Project Owner or Proponent – Engineers and Consultant – Contractor, Builder, Construction Manager or Administrator, – would specify the purpose of the building and enumerates the needs to be met and objectives to be attained. - The owner, – gives suggestions and insights for the engineer to take into accounts in drawing the building plans. - The owner, – lets the engineer know the amount of budget and source of funding for the construction and related works. - The owner, The owner should also provide the engineer with the information about the area, shape, bounderies and characteristics of the terrain on which the building will be erected. - Lot Plan and Location Map of the Project Site, The ideal source of the required information is the Lot Plan prepared by a licensed Geodetic Engineer or Land Surveyor. - Lot Plan and Location Map of the Project Site, On this plan are plotted the land monuments (represented by circles) and the bearings and distances of the boundaries based on the technical descriptions appearing on the Original Certificate of Title (OCT) or Transfer Certificate of Title (TCT) of the land - Lot Plan and Location Map of the Project Site, needs all the technical information about the lot/project site to help him/her determine the ideal size, shape, orientation and placement of the proposed structure when he/she prepares the Site Development Plan for the project. - Project designer, where the exact position of the project site in a subdivision or community is pinpointed. - Location or Vicinity Map, the position, shape and dimensions of the proposed project are shown. - Site Development Plan, The plans produced conform to the reasonable wishes of the project owner/s and building laws and regulation, among other considerations. - Preliminary studies, Includes rough estimate of the project cost • Usually consist of perspective view, floor plans, site development plan, elevations or cross-sections of the project. - Preliminary studies, • Rendered in Black & White or in color, using manual or computer aided drafting. • Well-laid, pleasing and convincing. - Preliminary studies, • Follows after the owner’s approval or request for changes are made from the preliminary studies. - Drafting the final Working Drawings, Detailed drawings and plans would cover all architectural, structural, electrical, plumbing, mechanical, and other contruction phases. - Drafting the final Working Drawings, • To be implemented by the contractor, builder, construction project administrator or manager in charge of the construction. - Drafting the final Working Drawings, Other related contruction documets such as Bill of Materials and Cost Estimates, Construction Specifications, Invitation to Bidders and draft of Construction Contract. - Drafting the final Working Drawings, The main purpose is to protect the public by setting up the minimum acceptable level of safety for buildings, products, and processes. - CODES AND REGULATIONS, Policy of the State to safeguard life, health, property, and public welfare, consistent with the principles of sound environmental management and control. - The National Building Code of the Philippines (Presidential Decree 1096), The purpose of this Code is to provide for all buildings and structures, a framework of minimum standards and requirements to regulate and control their location, site, design, quality of materials, construction, use, occupancy, and maintenance. - The National Building Code of the Philippines (Presidential Decree 1096), Designed to be consistent, complementary, and compatible as a referral code to NBC and all allied referral codes under the purview of NBC. - Architectural Code of The Philippines, This code shall apply to the design and construction, repair, alteration, renovation, and use of any building and other structures for human habitation and all other activities of human endeavor, including the architectural aspects of infrastructure projects such as roads, bridges, and the like. - Architectural Code of The Philippines, Establish minimum requirements for structural systems using prescriptive and performance-based principles provisions - National Structural Code of the Philippines, The primary objective of the code is to establish basic materials quality and electrical works standards for the safe use of electricity for light, heat, power, communications, signaling, and for other purposes - Electrical Code of the Philippines, Practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity - Electrical Code of the Philippines, Policy of the State to ensure public safety, promote economic development thru prevention and suppression of all kinds of destructive fires. - Fire Code of the Philippines (Republic Act 9514), Promote the professionalization of the fire service as a profession - Fire Code of the Philippines (Republic Act 9514), to ensure the unqualified observance of the latest provisions of the plumbing and environmental laws. - National Plumbing Code, Improvement of the way of the Filipinos by directing public health services towards the protection and promotion of the health of the people. - Sanitation Code of the Philippines (Presidential Decree 856), Executive Officer of the OBO appointed by the Secretary - BUILDING OFFICIAL, A document issued by the Building Official (BO) to an owner/applicant to proceed with the construction, or other work activity of a specific project/building/structure - BUILDING PERMIT, DEPARTMENT - The Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH)., SECRETARY - - Head or Chief Executive Officer of DPWH., EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR - - The Executive Officer or Head of the NBCDO, Office authorized to enforce the provisions of the Code and its IRR in the field as well as the enforcement of orders and decisions made pursuant thereto. - OFFICE OF THE BUILDING OFFICIAL (OBO), created through DPWH Department Order, shall serve as the technical staff of the Secretary - National Building Code Development Office (NBCDO), shall be responsible for carrying out the provisions of the Code in the field as well as the enforcement of orders and decisions made pursuant thereto. - Building Official, is a dynamic process that includes several factors. The principles of space planning involve satisfying a defined criterion on a priority basis – - SPACE PLANNING, As your sketch diagrams develop you can begin to build a rough sketch plan of your spaces, this is sometimes known as - bubble diagramming, helps you make the connection between basic spatial requirements and a fully drafted floor plan. It is essentially a trial-and-error method of exploring the configuration options - bubble diagram, a key factor in determining the soil's ability to support weight. You can learn a lot about the likelihood of a termite infestation from it as wel - Moisture Content Test, The percentage of water in the soil - soil's water content, The weight of a soil sample volume divided by the weight of a water sample volume equal in volume determines the specific gravity of soil. - Specific Gravity Test, The weight of soil particles in a specific volume of sample is known as dry density. The void ratio and specific gravity are two elements that affect a soil's dry density. - Dry Density Test for Soil., This test reveals the soil's essential water level. - Atterberg Limits Test, Atterberg Limits Test This test reveals the soil's essential water level. The test offers three tests -  Liquid Limit Test  Plastic Limit Test  Shrinkage Limit Test, is the process of densifying soil by compressing the air voids. - Compaction or Proctor’s Test, is a mixture of aggregate particles, cement, and water. - concrete, a force that a home frame must be able to withstand. Eight of these loads, including wind, earth, and snow, must be accommodated by the frame without causing the structure catastrophic stress - building load, The quality of life has significantly improved thanks in large part to HVAC. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning is referred to as - HVAC, maintains clean indoor air in addition to keeping you warm in the winter and cool in the summer. By filtering it and keeping humidity levels at ideal ranges, good indoor air quality is guaranteed. - HVAC, utilizing a supply of fresh air outside your residence or place of business; • air filtration to remove allergies and particulates; • air conditioning or heating • delivering air to rooms - HVAC, detail the work and workmanship required for each construction project. - Construction specifications, is a part of the contract documents contained in the project manual consisting of written documents describing the scope of work, materials that are to be used and the technical nature of materials, the methods of installation, equipment, construction systems, standards, and the quality of workmanship under contract - Specs, s are a tender document often references about the specific requirements and construction standards for various elements of a project. - Technical specifications, are prepared to provide consistency and to instruct contractors on how the works are to be carried out, the quality of the workmanship, and methods of quality assurance for the construction project - Technical specifications, are prepared to a level that allows the works to be constructed accurately - Technical specifications, also known as performance criteria or functional requirements, describe the final results that are expected from a construction project. - Performance Specifications, requires the use of a single approved product type for any particular installation. - Proprietary Specification, are often used in cases where there is existing equipment or materials that are already on site. - Proprietary Specification, is used by architects and contractors whenever a specific product is required due to its relationship with the owner’s company or something else associated with the building like high-end luxury finishes in a hotel, for instance. - Proprietary Specification, convey the requirements of a project through a detailed explanation of the materials that the contractor must use (including product options), and the means of installing those materials - Prescriptive Specification, it allows contractors, material manufacturers, and product consultants to use their own products to comply with all design objectives for the project without having to contact the building owner or contractor for approval each time something needs changing. - Prescriptive Specification, Commonly used in commercial and residential work, this type of construction specification - General Specifications, It contains product information but doesn't specify which manufacturer must be used. In some respects, this can serve as a middle ground between prescriptive specifications and performance-based documents - General Specifications, is slightly different from a general one because it covers virtually every aspect of construction in precise terms. - Detailed Specifications, This includes everything down to the number of screws used to fasten materials together - Detailed Specifications, This type of construction specification is typically used when owners have little or no experience working on large-scale projects and need more guidance. - Detailed Specifications, most common types and cover things like flooring materials and steel thickness requirements for beams and columns. - Standard specifications, are typically used in more complicated cases where unique details might be required (like installing a specific brand of windows or doors). - Special specifications, is the art or knowledge in which materials quantity and entire cost are determined. - Quantity survey, Quantity survey is the art or knowledge in which materials quantity and entire cost are determined. It is also generally known as - Estimating, plays a vital role in estimation and construction of any relevant project. It will help in the determination of all related applicable costs and materials quantity so that all those factors are determined, and funds are released for the project in case if acceptable. - Quantity survey, is conducted that will help in the determination of the cost. - Rough Cost Estimate, is conducted if funds are released. - Detailed Estimate, a person who estimates - Quantity Surveyor, Quantity Surveyor, a person who estimates. This person is also known as - Evaluator or Estimator., depict heights, lengths, and thicknesses of different parts of the project. Size of every component of the project - Drawings, are appointed along with drawings for the depiction of the project quality. - Specifications, Accurate rates of material and construction work are required for accurate estimation - rates, This type of Estimate is done for any project before commencing about its fruitfulness and cost that will be expended on it. Initially, a rough estimate of cost is conducted about the project - Rough Cost Estimate, In this method of estimation, each item of the project is determined and multiplied with its Unit of Rate to acquire the cost - Detailed Estimate, is prepared when diversion more than 5 percent occurs in the Detailed Estimate - Revised Estimate, occurs due to the fluctuation of prices. Revised Estimate is also prepared if changes are made in project design of the already prepared - Diversion, If construction work of the project has been started and change in design has been felt, and expenditure due to design changes cannot be covered within approved funds then an additional estimate is prepared - Supplementary Estimate, Sometimes changes or additions are required in an already prepared estimate in the project, and these changes are caused due to price diversion of more than 5 percent. - Revised and Supplementary Estimate, done in buildings and other structures in order to maintain and look after them - Repair Estimate, Buildings and other structures are repaired every year to keep them maintained and usable. - Annual Repair Estimate, Special repair is done after every four years despite annual repair - Quadrennial Repair Estimate, Tenure is not fixed for special repair. However, repairing damages of buildings and other structures caused by earthquake, flood and other accidents is done in special repair - Special Estimation, professional construction estimators is critical in creating and maintaining a feasible budget of project costs. - COST ESTIMATES, accounts for each element required for the project and calculates a total amount that determines a project’s budget - COST ESTIMATES, is to determine the current rate per unit of an item at the locality. - Rate analysis, to examine the viability of rates offered by, to the client, or contractor, to fix up the agency or labor contractor to do the job, and to fix the cost targets towards labor, material, equipment, and other heads and to measure the performance of the project in financial terms. - Rate analysis, the expenses that directly affect the project - Direct expenses, It is also known as project overhead costs) are those directly linked to the physical construction of a project. - Direct expenses, are incurred while completing the project but are not applicable to any specific task. - Indirect expenses, There are two types of indirect costs: - main office overhead and job site overhead., Apply appropriate or contracted profit rate uniformly to all contractors and to original bid and change orders. - Profit ,

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