I think Harry has the same shirt... Speaking of Harry, did he get the job he applied for? - To change the direction of the conversation but link it with what has just been said, - Did you see the match last night? - No - actually / in fact / as a matter of fact, I don't like football - To introduce unexpected or surprising information, As I was saying, if Mark get the job, we'll have to reorganize the department - To come back to the previous subject, On the whole, I think that women make better journalists than men - To generalize, I like both flats but all in all I think I prefer the one next to the cathedral - To show that you're taking everything into consideration, We didn't go away at the weekend because I had too much work. In any case / Anyway the way was awful so we didn't miss anything - To introduce the idea that what you said before is less important than what you're about to say now or to return to the original subject after a digression, My kids never listen to me. Mind you, I didn’t either at their age so I guess it’s normal - To introduce something else that needs to be considered, Basically, he was just a show-off - To introduce the most important or fundamental point, A lot of people booed and some even left early. In other words, it was a complete disaster - To say something again in a different way, We should buy them. After all, we will never find them anywhere cheaper - To introduce a strong argument that the other person may not have taken into consideration, Please try not to make a mess while making the cake. Otherwise we'll have to move apartments again - To say what the result would be if the situation was different or something didn't happen, That's all you need to know about infinitives. As far as gerunds are concerned, / As regards / Regarding gerunds, there are other rules - To introduce a new topic or to announce a change of subject, On the one hand, more young people now carry knives. On the other hand, the total number of violent crimes has dropped. - To balance contrasting facts or points, The government are going to help first-time buyers. That is to say, they'll make sure mortgages are more available - To introduce an explanation or a qualification of a point you've just made,

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